Title : Personalized and precision medicine (PPM) as a unique healthcare model to se-cure the human healthcare, wellness and biosafety through the view of public health, network driven healthcare services and lifestyle management
Abstract:
Personalized and Precision Medicine (PPM).is being the Grand Challenge to forecast, to pre-dict and to prevent is rooted in a big and a new SCIENCE generated by the achievements of (i) Systems & Synthetic Biology; (ii) Bi-odesign-driven Translationa applications and Biotech-driven Biomanufacturing; (iii) Bioindustry and Biomarketing of the next step generation. The latter, being a Grand Brick laid into the frame of National Bioeconomy, says and confirms that the efficiency and efficacy of the Bioeconomy are determined and dictated by the inno-vative trends,generated by fresh knowledge and their transfer into the scientific, bioindustrial and social areas to maintain the national stability and extensive development of the country.
The core strategic tool to operate the transdisciplinary approach is rooted in a unique tan-dem consisting of (i) inte-grated platforms of Fundamental Sciences (Basics) and innovative OMICs biotechnologies on one hand, and (ii) the algorithms of Bioinformatics, on the other one.
The importance of PPM in the healthcare management of several diseases is well-documented. And advances in genomics and computing are transforming the capacity for the characterization of biological systems, and research-ers are now poised for a precision-focused transformation in the way they prepare for, and respond to, infectious diseases. But still, very little is known about the role of precision genomics and immunogenetics in sus-ceptibility or resistance to infectious diseases. And despite being a forerunner, PPM is not yet routinely applied in infectious pa-tient care.
Meanwhile, new technologies are supporting the rapid identification of infective agents and targeted approaches based on the genetic resistance of pathogens to antibiotics. For in-stance, recent technological advances have ena-bled the development of antimicrobials that can selectively target a gene, a cellular process, or a microbe of choice. These strategies bring us a step closer to developing personalized therapies that exclusively remove disease-causing infectious agents. This information can lead to revising the data banks that can be used for personalized predicting diseases, improving PPM-driven treatment, and also person-alized prevention strategies specific to infectious patho-gens.
PPM-driven management of infectious diseases plays a critical role in trust for government, health-care organiza-tions, science, and pharma. The improvement in biomedical technolo-gies, availability of large clinical and OMICS data and appropriate application of applied bio-informatics-related algorithms may allow precision in vaccines and public health and restore trust. For this scope, the next step education is a crucial step for the successful implemen-tation of PPM in the clinic, and with this part, we would like to encourage learning about PPM and the impact in the communicable (including infectious) disease field.
PPM-guided public health systems are essential for preventing and controlling the spread of infectious diseases. They provide the framework for identifying, tracking, and responding to disease outbreaks through surveillance, early detection, and effective treatment. Strengthen-ing public health systems is essential for effective infectious disease control in the modern world. By investing in robust surveillance systems, expanding personalized vaccina-tion pro-grams, improving healthcare infrastructure, engaging communities, and fostering interna-tional collabora-tion, countries can better prevent and respond to outbreaks of infectious dis-eases. While challenges such as limited resources, vaccine hesitancy, and emerging diseases remain, a concerted effort to build resilient public health sys-tems can significantly reduce the global burden of infectious diseases.
Infectious disease management essentially consists in identifying the microbial cause(s) of an infection, initiating if necessary antimicrobial therapy against microbes, and controlling host reactions to infection. In canonical (PPM-ignored) clinical microbiology, the turnaround time of the diagnostic cycle (>24 hours) often leads to unnecessary suffering and deaths; ap-proaches to relieve this burden include rapid diagnostic procedures and more efficient transmission or interpretation of molecular microbiology results. While genomics-supported PPM generally aims at interrogating the genomic information of a patient, drug metabolism polymorphisms, for example, to guide drug choice and dosage, PPM concepts are applicable in infectious diseases for the rapid identification of a disease-causing microbe and determi-nation of its antimicrobial resistance profile, to guide an appropriate antimicrobial treatment for the proper management of the patient and, in particular, for persons-at-risk. The imple-mentation of point-of-care testing for infectious diseases will require acceptance by medical authorities, new technological and communication platforms, as well as reimbursement practices such that time- and life-saving procedures become available to the largest number of patients.
PPM has indeed arrived for the diagnosis of infectious diseases. More than that, it has ar-rived once and for all in the areas of clinical microbiology, molecular epidemiology and many other areas. With the current capabilities, cost, and speed of sequencing technologies, the field has finally reached a point where rapid genomic surveillance and analysis can start to become a standard part of the response to infectious disease outbreaks. Just as broadscale hu-man genome sequencing revolutionized the treatment of many noncommunicable dis-eases, pathogen genome data are poised to drive a similar revolution in the response to in-fectious diseases.
In this context, the network links hospitals to allow them to view guidelines developed by in-stitutions across the globe, access their epidemiological datasets and subscribe to updates. Hospitals can adapt and use those guidelines, and the system can help them communicate with frontline healthcare providers through their mobile devices and computers. The system also provides hospitals with a real-time feed of emerging evidence, information and guide-lines, as well as predictive and research data from other sources. It will also include platforms that enable discussion within the hospital and with other health organizations.
Healthcare is undergoing a transformation, and it is imperative to leverage new technologies to support the advent of PPM. This is the reason for developing global scientific, clinical, so-cial, and educational projects in the area of PPM and TraMed to elicit the content of the new trend. The latter would provide a unique platform for dialogue and collaboration among thought leaders and stakeholders in government, academia, industry, foundations, and dis-ease and patient advocacy with an interest in improving the system of healthcare delivery on one hand and drug discovery, development, and translation, on the other one, whilst edu-cating the policy community about issues where biomedical science and policy intersect.
