Title : Prospective Study on Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) and Acinetobacter Baumannii Infections in ICU patients: Incidence and Antibiotic Resistance Patterns
Abstract:
Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the main bacterial pathogen associated with nosocomial infections, particularly for VAP in ICU. It is his characteristic in developing multidrug resistance and poses significant treatment challenges with mortality exceeding 50 % in severe cases.
The purpose of this study was to identify the incidence , the resistance and the clinical outcomes of VAP caused by A. Baumannii in ICU patients.
Study designs/methods
This was a prospective observational cohort study in the ICU of a tertiary trauma hospital. The duration was of 12 months and all patients intubated for ≥48 h , mechanically ventilated were participants.
All patients meeting VAP Criteria were collected tracheal aspirates or brochoalveolar lavage and then all Acinetobacter Baumannii results were identify.
Results:
Vap Incidence was 37% among mechanically ventilated patients. The incidence of A. Baumannii was 27.5% of VAp cases.
Multidrug resistance : 81 % of cases resistant to ≥ 3 antibiotic classes
Colistin Resistance: 9%
Carbapenem Resistance: 100%
There was a high rate of mortality for this pacients as 45 % ( the mortality was not only from VAP, but do to the first pathological issue, they are all trauma patients and usually brain injury.)
Conclusion and recommendations:
High rate of VAP and Acinetobacter baumannii infection in our ICU needs increased preventive measures for those Multidrug Resistance infections, care for antimicrobial stewardship protocol and creating a surveillance program to track resistance evolution.
