Title : The duration of antibiotic therapy in healthcare-associated pneumonia in intensive care units
Abstract:
Introduction : Healthcare-associated pneumonia (HAP) is the second most frequent nosocomial infection after urinary tract infections. This study evaluates the impact of the duration of antibiotic therapy on the management of HAP by analyzing its frequency, risk factors, bacterial resistances, and determinants of mortality
Patients and Methods : This research work is a retrospective descriptive study conducted over the period from January 2020 to December 2024, within the surgical emergency ICU department 'P33' at the Ibn Rochd University Hospital Center in Casablanca.
Results : This study, based on 442 cases of healthcare-associated pneumonia in intensive care units, shows a predominance of multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa). Delayed antibiotic therapy and the presence of Gram-negative bacilli increase mortality, highlighting the importance of prompt and appropriate management.
Discussion : In the intensive care unit, antibiotic therapy for healthcare-associated pneumonia typically lasts 7-10 days, except for infections caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa or Acinetobacter spp., where it may extend to 14-21 days. This adjustment helps limit resistance while ensuring optimal efficacy based on the clinical response.
Conclusion : This study highlights the importance of rigorous prevention and optimized antibiotic management in healthcare-associated pneumonia. The appropriate duration of antibiotic therapy, tailored to the severity and bacterial resistance, is crucial in reducing morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs.
