Rubella

Rubella, also known as German measles, is a viral infection caused by the rubella virus. The virus primarily spreads through respiratory droplets and is characterized by a mild rash, fever, and lymphadenopathy. While rubella infection is generally mild, its significant impact lies in its potential to cause congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) if contracted by pregnant women, especially during the first trimester. Congenital rubella syndrome is associated with severe birth defects, including deafness, cataracts, heart defects, and intellectual disabilities. The devastating consequences of CRS highlight the importance of preventing rubella in pregnant women through vaccination. The widespread use of the rubella vaccine as part of the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine has led to a significant decline in rubella cases and CRS globally.