Anticytokine autoantibodies, particularly anti-IFN-γ autoantibodies (AAbs), disrupt cytokine functions, leading to infections, autoimmune-like diseases, and conditions resembling IL-12/IFN-γ pathway defects. Advances in genetic testing have clarified overlaps between [....] » Read More
Changes in temperature, rainfall and humidity due to global warming affect mosquito-borne disease transmission. However, coastal areas are also influenced by the expansion of brackish water mosquito habitats as a result of global warming leading to higher sea levels and the accum [....] » Read More
This review deals with enveloped viruses, whose structure is basically descripted, with particular attention to those that commonly affect the respiratory tract. Then, we analyze how ethanol can alterate this envelope, leading to distruction or inactivation of such pathogens; par [....] » Read More
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a pathogenic respiratory virus that is considered to affect not only children but also adults, especially elderly persons aged ≥65 years. However, in Japan, the annual epidemic situation and severity of RSV infections in these a [....] » Read More
Treatment of infectious diseases with antibiotics is a marvel of medicine and the most significant clinical developments of the 21st century. However, the rapid spread of antibiotic resistance genes especially in gran-negative bacteria in the healthcare settings, community, [....] » Read More
Species of spirochete bacteria of the genus Borrelia termed Lyme disease Borreliae (LDB) cause Lyme disease (LD) and others of the relapsing fever Borreliae (RFB) group cause tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF). Clinical diagnosis of LD relies heavily on serodiagnosis, notably a cu [....] » Read More
Most human functional systems are dual organized, with a supporting and a controlling system that maintains the balance of both through feedback mechanisms. In the case of illness, dysregulation is a temporarily necessary process that should end with the restauration of bal [....] » Read More
Background: A Significant proportion of COVID-19 survivors experience persistent symptoms, which might include neurological and psychiatric disturbances. This phenomenon has been termed “Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19” (PASC). This study seeks to chart the cognitive [....] » Read More
Background: Cryptococcus neoformans meningoencephalitis is a common manifestation of cryptococcosis and disseminated infection, often seen in immunosuppressed patients and untreated AIDS. Common immunosuppression causes glucocorticoid therapy, organ transplantation, cancer, and o [....] » Read More
Background: Human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a Herpesviridae virus with a wide spectrum of pathology in humans. The major determinant of the clinical manifestation of CMV is host immunity and clinical manifestations can vary widely in the pratical setting. Immunocompetent patients [....] » Read More
Introduction: Hip infections from diverse etiologies—including septic arthritis, psoas bursa infection, tracking of psoas abscess, and infected chronic deep vein thrombosis—represent limb-threatening emergencies requiring prompt diagnosis and management. Point-of-care [....] » Read More
Introduction: Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) is increasingly recognized as an invaluable diagnostic tool in emergency medicine. This case series demonstrates the utility of POCUS in evaluating soft tissue and musculoskeletal infections, highlighting its superiority over clinica [....] » Read More
Background: This case report aims to present the applicability and safety of laparoscopic Heller myotomy with anterior fundoplication in an elderly male patient with achalasia and coexisting military tuberculosis. Although the exact cause of achalasia has not been determined, the [....] » Read More
The value of engaging prison inmates as Irish Red Cross peer-educators in all Irish Prisons over the last fourteen years for health promotion, awareness-raising, advocacy for testing, ‘case-finding’ and ‘seek and treat’ have been impressive. This successfu [....] » Read More
Background: Dániel S. Bednárik Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is the most common and serious causes of healthcare-associated diarrhea, with significant morbidity and mortality. The incidence of CDI is increasing worldwide and it is therefore ess [....] » Read More
Background: Leptospirosis, a potentially fatal zoonotic infection, has been on the rise in Kerala, India particularly among individuals involved in water-related occupations and activities. With increasing incidence and mortality rates, there is an urgent need to identify key ris [....] » Read More
Background: Leptospirosis, a potentially fatal zoonotic infection, has been on the rise in Kerala, India particularly among individuals involved in water-related occupations and activities. With increasing incidence and mortality rates, there is an urgent need to identify key ris [....] » Read More
Respiratory infections are among the top two causes of treat-and-release Emergency Department (ED) visits in the USA. Globally, respiratory infections accounted for ~42.8% of all- cause illnesses in 2019. The combined forces of rapid urbanization, globalization, and easy internat [....] » Read More
Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) occurs within 48 hours of mechanical ventilation and up to 48 hours after extubation, often caused by bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae etc in the secretion above [....] » Read More
Introduction: Viral pulmonary infections have caused high morbidities worldwide since the advent of outbreaks of SARS-CoV, H1N1 influenza, MERS-CoV and the more recent SARS-CoV-2 virus discovered in China in 2019. This novel virus has caused a global pandemic in the year 2020 wit [....] » Read More
Alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is a tumor-like disease predominantly located in the liver caused by persistent infection with the cestode Echinococcus multilocularis. Much evidence has demonstrated that E. multilocularis is a successful parasite through its ability to shape an &ldq [....] » Read More
Background: Subcutaneous panniculitis-like T cell lymphoma (SPTCL) is a rare skin lymphoma characterized by infiltration of the subcutaneous tissues with cytotoxic T cells without associated lymph node involvement. STPCL is diagnostically challenging, particularly in early stages [....] » Read More
Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a single-stranded DNA virus that infects erythroid progenitor cells, often leading to complications such as transient aplastic crises, particularly in individuals with blood dyscrasias. This study focuses on the serological and molecular-genetic character [....] » Read More
Introduction. Infection with hepatitis C virus (hepatitis C) is an important medical and social problem in Poland and worldwide. In Poland, approximately 2% of the total population is infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) (estimated at 730,000 people). HCV is an etiologic factor [....] » Read More
Background: Ocular leptospirosis, a severe yet underrecognized complication of systemic leptospirosis, is an emerging global health concern. Primarily affecting tropical and subtropical regions, this neglected zoonotic disease contributes to significant morbidity and vision loss, [....] » Read More
Background: Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is an acute autoimmune polyneuropathy commonly preceded by infections. Although bacterial or viral infections are well-known contributors to GBS, little is known about TB as a potential trigger. In this systematic review, we s [....] » Read More
Background: Acute urinary retention (AUR) is an uncommon emergency presentation in women and warrants a broad and systematic diagnostic approach. While obstructive, neurological, pharmacological, and infective causes are well-recognised, genital herpes is rarely considered the pr [....] » Read More
Background: The decline in global COVID-19 testing has reduced attention to public health measures designed to mitigate infections among vulnerable populations at heightened risk of severe outcomes and long-term complications. With a lack of current guidance and misinformation ar [....] » Read More
This case highlights a delayed HIV diagnosis in a 78-year-old female despite multiple clinical encounters over four years. The patient presented with multiple HIV indicator conditions, including unexplained weight loss, lymphadenopathy, and esophageal candidiasis. Due to demograp [....] » Read More
Dengue fever is endemic in more than 100 countries, mainly in the tropical countries and is the most common communicable disease in Malaysia, with an incidence rate of 397.71 per 100,000 individuals. Globally, it is estimated that there are 100-400 million dengue infections annua [....] » Read More
Background: Piperacillin–tazobactam combined with vancomycin is widely employed for broad-spectrum empiric coverage but has been increasingly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). The comparative renal safety of substituting vancomycin with teicoplanin remains uncertai [....] » Read More
Introduction: Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a rare complication of oropharyngeal infection characterized by septic thrombophlebitis in the Internal Jugular Vein. Despite this being a common occurrence before the era of antibiotics, with beta-lactam drug usage, this pathology ha [....] » Read More
Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) is a common virus usually associated with roseola in children. However, reactivation in immunocompetent adults is particularly rare. This, however, can cause diagnostic challenges, which delays the identification and treatment. When HHV-6 reactivates i [....] » Read More
Leishmaniasis in Peru is a public health concern and affects inhabitants of endemic areas and also people who go to jungle regions for short or long time, where the Leishmania parasite fulfills its life cycle. There is a high incidence of cutaneous and mucocutaneous leishmaniasis [....] » Read More
Vaccines are among the most transformative public health tools, yet translating findings from animal models to humans poses challenges. Translational immunology bridges basic science and clinical applications, fostering advancements like systems vaccinology. This systems-based ap [....] » Read More
Introduction: COVID-19 was an amplifier of global vulnerabilities such as climate change, poverty/social exclusion, curative health systems, poor surveillance capacity and a silent pandemic of chronic diseases. By the middle 2020, several studies described the so-called long COVI [....] » Read More
Military leaders and planners acknowledge the risks to military operations posed by deliberate attacks with biological weapons. However, the potential for adversaries to exploit naturally occurring disease outbreaks remains underappreciated. This paper examines two historical ins [....] » Read More
New thermoresponsive polymer additive technologies have been employed to engineer targeted pathogenic organisms via capture / release technologies. The unique mode of action of binding allows them to target Gram-negative, Gram-positive, fungi, human dermal fibroblast, amoeba or o [....] » Read More
Staphylococcus aureus ranks as the second most critical gram-positive bacteria on the WHO's priority list, spreading through nosocomial & commensal transmissions. Its antibiotic resistance evolving at an unprecedented pace, presents itself as a constant global danger. Thi [....] » Read More
ATBs are substances designed to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria on or within the body. This makes ATBs essential substances to treat infectious diseases caused by bacteria. The discovery of antibiotics (ATBs) marked one of the greatest medical achievements in history, savi [....] » Read More
Ongoing climate change is reshaping ecosystems worldwide, creating new niches and conditions that accelerate the emergence and spread of infectious diseases. In the marine realm, higher ocean temperatures, altered currents, and shifting species distributions are increasingly link [....] » Read More
Background: Ascaris lumbricoides is the most common helminthic infection worldwide. Its migration into the biliary or pancreatic ducts can lead to serious complications, such as acute pancreatitis. Coinfection with hepatitis A virus (HAV) may exacerbate inflammation and increase [....] » Read More
This report describes a rare instance of an 18-year-old male presenting with a history of right knee strain who developed fever, pain, and difficulty walking. The patient was first evaluated for suspected sepsis complicated by polyarthralgia. He later developed worsening respirat [....] » Read More
Tuberculosis is a highly prevalent communicable disease with the most common presentation being of pulmonary origin. It is mostly found in the South Asian and Sub-Saharan African regions. One possible extrapulmonary manifestation is that involving the central nervous system, whic [....] » Read More
Background: In emergency room settings, the management of bacteremia caused by extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-E) is critical. Traditionally, carbapenems are the recommended treatment, but their use raises concerns about resistance. This [....] » Read More
In Kenya, goats represent the country’s most abundant livestock resource, with an estimated population of approximately 28 million. Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is a significant health issue for goats, negatively impacting their productivity and reproduct [....] » Read More
Introduction: Surgical site infection is common in gynaecological oncology surgery worldwide. It constitutes a burden to patients and to the healthcare system. The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a lockdown across the globe to minimise human contact, therefore curbing the spread of [....] » Read More
Phage therapy is gaining significant interest in combating critically antibiotic-resistant nosocomial pathogens. However, the narrow host range of bacteriophages limits the development of broadly effective therapies, necessitating precision approaches. In this study, we integrate [....] » Read More
Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2) are globally prevalent human pathogens associated with a wide range of diseases, from mild conditions such as herpes labialis to serious infections such as encephalitis. Like other herpesviruses, HSV can establish lifelong latent inf [....] » Read More
Background: Air pollution is a growing public health issue in Kosovo, particularly in urban areas such as Pristina, where particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10) levels often exceed safe limits. Exposure to elevated levels of air pollution has been linked to an increase in respirator [....] » Read More
Background: Measles Virus (MeV) causes a highly contagious disease (MeV) associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Despite the availability of an effective two-dose vaccine regimen, measles continues to be a substantial public health problem globally. This study assess [....] » Read More
Introduction: The coronavirus has become known because of the COVID 9 pandemic. Coronaviruses cause epidemics not only in humans, but also in animals of commercial interest such as birds (Infectious bronchitis virus-IBV). The search for new antivirals has become an urgent need. T [....] » Read More
Hydrophobic molecules with poor water solubility are often associated with low bioavailability. This physical property prevents these molecules from being developed for new drug use. Examples of these hydrophobic drug candidates include paclitaxel (Taxol), quercetin, cannabidiol [....] » Read More
COVID-19 vaccines have reduced the negative health and economic impact of the COVID.19 pandemic by preventing severe disease, hospitalizations and deaths. In the new socio-economic normality, the COVID-19 vaccination strategy can be universal or high-risk and seasonal or not seas [....] » Read More
Background: Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) occurs within 48 hours of mechanical ventilation and up to 48 hours after extubation, often caused by bacterial pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Klebsiella pneumoniae etc in the secretion above [....] » Read More
Virus infection causes rapid induction of antiviral and inflammatory genes in infected cells, leading to an antiviral state in the host. Inflammation in the early stages of the infection is beneficial; however, hyperinflammation, caused by cytokine storm, contributes to the patho [....] » Read More
Malaria is a life-threatening illness, caused by infection of red blood cells by Plasmodium parasites. It is transmitted through the bite of infected female Anopheles mosquitoes. Symptoms tend to be non-specific, such as fever and malaise, which can make it difficult to detect. C [....] » Read More
Conventional mathematical models of infectious diseases frequently overlook the spatial spread of the disease concentrating only on local transmission. However, spatial propagation of various diseases have been noted between geographical regions mainly due to the movement of infe [....] » Read More
The healthcare sector has undergone significant transformation since the events of 2019, which marked the beginning of a major health crisis requiring substantial shifts in policies and practices. In response to increased concerns about the safety of healthcare workers, the use o [....] » Read More
Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, personal protective equipment (PPE), including masks, gloves, gowns, and eye protection, became an essential safeguard for healthcare workers and patients. This study aimed to estimate the cost of PPE utilization in an emergency departmen [....] » Read More
Sorting of microorganisms and infectious materials presents significant biosafety challenges, including aerosol formation, contamination risks, and hazardous waste disposal. Traditional cell sorting methods rely on fluidic systems, which increase the likelihood of cross-contamina [....] » Read More
Objective: Infectious diseases are still a serious public health problem in the world. Millions of people die from infectious diseases every year, and cardiovascular events account for a very important proportion. Through the treatment of infectious diseases (tuberculosis) in our [....] » Read More
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is responsible for 4.95 million human deaths per year and is estimated to rise to 10 million deaths annually, if left uncontrolled. Accurate, sensitive and synchronised national and global AMR detection and surveillance efforts are crucial now more [....] » Read More
In the literature, multiplex immunoassays are primarily used to evaluate the current and past seroprevalence of diseases, identify potential risk factors, determine populations eligible for vaccination and targeted public health interventions, and establish integrated surveillanc [....] » Read More
This presentation highlights how One Health Animal Disaster Management (OHADM) decision-making can support veterinarians, as members of incident management teams, to incorporate their professional duties regarding animal care and animal-human-environmental health in all stages of [....] » Read More
This presentation highlights how One Health Animal Disaster Management (OHADM) decision-making can support veterinarians, as members of incident management teams, to incorporate their professional duties regarding animal care and animal-human-environmental health in all stages of [....] » Read More
At the onset of a pandemic, when no effective medicine or vaccine is available, governments implement non-pharmaceutical interventions to control the outbreak. The effectiveness of these policies depends on individuals' compliance, which is inherently uncertain, necessitating [....] » Read More
Porcine rotaviruses A (RVA) are known for their complex epidemiology, pathogenicity and great genetic diversity. From a veterinary point of view, RVA represents one of the most important causes of acute diarrhoea of young animals. Apart from the first days of life, piglets are at [....] » Read More
Background: Meningo-encephalitis in Sub-Saharan Africa is accompanied by a mortality rate documented as high as 90%. It is linked to diverse immunosuppressive states. The etiology has remained largely undefined by traditional diagnostic tools with studies reporting an unidentifia [....] » Read More
Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) causes over 99% of all cervical cancer globally. In 2022, it was responsible for over 3200 deaths in Kenya. Data on the epidemiological distribution of HPV genotypes by cervical dysplasia and HIV status which is important in designing preven [....] » Read More
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), also known as Kala-azar, is a zoonotic disease caused by leishmania and transmitted by the bite of vector sand fly, which has already been listed as one of the neglected tropical diseases by World Health Organization. In recent years, the canine VL ha [....] » Read More
Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL), also known as Kala-azar, is a zoonotic disease caused by leishmania and transmitted by the bite of vector sand fly, which has already been listed as one of the neglected tropical diseases by World Health Organization. In recent years, the canine VL ha [....] » Read More
This study aimed to identify Sarcocystis species isolated from macroscopic sarcocysts from naturally infected domestic sheep and goats using the molecular method, as well as investigating the morphological and the ultrastructural characteristics of the isolated species. A total o [....] » Read More
With the constant modern approaches of minimizing surgical site infection, tubercular infection at the surgical site remains rare & undiagnosed for its delayed & atypical presentation in modern countries where TB is uncommon, which leads to marked deterioration in the pat [....] » Read More
Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are a major yet preventable cause of poor post-operative clinical outcomes, prolonged ICU/hospital stay, increased antibiotic consumption and added cost of therapy. Low- and Middle-income Countries (LMICs) have disproportionately higher [....] » Read More
Strongyloidiasis is a neglected tropical and subtropical disease affecting humans worldwide While often asymptomatic, it can cause hyperinfection syndrome in immunocompromised individuals, leading to disseminated infection, frequently , fatal outcomes. Chronic strongyloidiasis po [....] » Read More
Gram-negative Klebsiella pneumoniae are opportunistic pathogens and cause hospital and community acquired infections. Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) are of particular concern due to the spread of antibiotic resistance genes associated with mobile genetic elemen [....] » Read More
Introduction: Health care systems and societies being overloaded by long-term effects after SARS-CoV-2 infection. According to the UK’s latest National Institute for Health and Care Excellence guidelines post-COVID-19 syndrome is when the symptoms persist beyond 12 weeks in [....] » Read More
Background: Sexual health awareness and the uptake of STI prevention services remain critically low among young people in Albania. National data show limited use of condoms, low STI testing rates, and insufficient sexual health education. While misinformation and stigma are frequ [....] » Read More
SARS-CoV-2 is a virus that affects the human immune system. It was observed to be on the rise since the beginning of 2020 and turned into a life-threatening pandemic. Scientists have tried to develop a possible preventive and therapeutic drug against severe acute respiratory synd [....] » Read More
LabGenius is a newly developed in Biomedux Co(Korea) for Fully Automated Nucleic Acid Testing System(FANATS). It can be operated as so-called, sample-to-results, a Point of care Testing. Using this FANATS, we have performed for clinical trials for CT/NG STI infection disease at C [....] » Read More
LabGenius is a newly developed in Biomedux Co(Republic of Korea) for Fully Automated Nucleic Acid Testing System(FANATS). It can be operated as, so-called, Sample-to-results, a Point of care Testing. Using this FANATS, we have performed the clinical trials to assess clinical sens [....] » Read More
Rickettsioses encompass a group of diseases caused by Rickettsia, which are responsible for endemic typhus, murine typhus, scrub typhus, and spotted fever. Due to the similarity in clinical presentations, rickettsioses are often misdiagnosed as other causes of acute fever. Here w [....] » Read More
Sepsis has high morbidity and mortality, and continues to be a focus of innovation and improvement internationally. Blood cultures are the single most important microbiological diagnostic tool in the septic patient. Recent guidance produced by NHS England has highlighted th [....] » Read More
Introduction: Background: HIV infection leads to progressive immune decline and increased vulnerability to opportunistic infections, primarily driven by viral replication and the depletion of CD4+ T-cells. Host genetic factors, particularly variations within the HLA region, have [....] » Read More
Introduction: Since early 2022, Ukraine has faced unprecedented challenges due to the ongoing war following Russia's aggression. At the same time, the country, like the rest of the world, continues to confront the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, which has exacerbated vari [....] » Read More
Method: We retrospectively observed all patients that were transplanted in our center between 1.4.18 and 31.3.21. We analyzed data on patients who have developed CMV viremia in the first year post transplantation and followed them for three years. We focused on clinical ch [....] » Read More
We present a case of 34 y old male who initially presented to emergency department with multiple episodes of vomiting and diarrhoea accompanied by lower urinary tract symptoms. There was no history of binge alcohol intake, eating takeaway food or travel. On review of his observat [....] » Read More
Background: Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly infectious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis. Malignant pertussis affects young infants, characterized by respiratory distress, perpetual tachycardia and hyperleukocytosis up to 30 G/l, leading to multiple organ failu [....] » Read More
Background: Pertussis (whooping cough) is a highly infectious disease caused by Bordetella pertussis. Malignant pertussis affects young infants, characterized by respiratory distress, perpetual tachycardia and hyperleukocytosis up to 30 G/l, leading to multiple organ [....] » Read More
This report describes a rare instance of an 18-year-old male presenting with a history of right knee strain who developed fever, pain, and difficulty walking. The patient was first evaluated for suspected sepsis complicated by polyarthralgia. He later developed worsening respirat [....] » Read More
Background: Congenital cytomegalovirus (cCMV) is a leading cause of neonatal morbidity, including sensorineural hearing loss. Early detection is critical; however, the current gold standard, urinary PCR, faces feasibility challenges in neonates. Salivary PCR offers a more practic [....] » Read More
The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the risks for thrombotic complications associated with acute respiratory failure. Severe forms are associated with a hypercoagulable state due to excessive inflammation, hyperfibrinogenemia, hypoxia, altered angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, and [....] » Read More
Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) remains a significant global health challenge, necessitating the development of effective diagnostic tools for early detection and timely intervention. Among the various biomarkers for HIV detection, the p24 antigen serves as a pivotal marker, e [....] » Read More
Background: Dengue fever remains a significant public health concern in Pakistan, with twelve large outbreaks over the past three decades, culminating in an astonishing total of 286,262 morbidities and 1,108 mortalities. Haphazard urbanization, climate change, and insufficient ve [....] » Read More
Background: Blood borne viruses (BBVs), principally HIV and Hepatitis B&C are a major public health challenge. In the UK, ethnic minority populations face a disproportionate burden of infection. BBVs are now largely treatable once detected, but there are significant missed op [....] » Read More
COVID-19 disease is associated with the emerging RNA virus, called SARS-CoV-2, which belongs to the Coronaviridae family, ubiquitous respiratory viruses among humans and mammals. A positive diagnosis is obtained through Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) fro [....] » Read More
Toxocariasis is a parasitosis caused by the accidental ingestion of eggs from a nematode of the Ascarid family (most commonly Toxocara canis). Ocular localization results from the migration of the larva into the eyeball, which is generally benign but can, in some cases, lead to d [....] » Read More
Malaria control programs would be greatly facilitated by developing new tools for rapidly assessing malaria transmission intensity. In malaria-endemic areas like Burkina Faso, human populations are frequently exposed to immunomodulatory salivary components injected during mosquit [....] » Read More
Sepsis remains a critical challenge in rural healthcare settings in the United States, where limited resources and inconsistent adherence to evidence-based protocols contribute to poor patient outcomes. This quality improvement project evaluated the impact of structured sepsis ed [....] » Read More
We present the case of a 62-year-old incarcerated African American male with a history of coronary artery disease (CAD) post-stent placement, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), recently diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) [....] » Read More
Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare, life-threatening infection of the deep soft tissues that results in progressive destruction of the muscle fascia and overlying subcutaneous fat, causing tissue necrosis and systemic toxicity. This case report describes a 30-year-old obese femal [....] » Read More
A 43-year-old male was seen in the clinic for a slowly progressive low back pain over the last 3 months. This was associated with an unintentional weight loss of 11 lbs. During this period, he had an extensive workup of his back pain including an initial computed tomography of hi [....] » Read More
Background: Oropouche fever is an emerging disease with dengue-like symptoms including high fevers, intense headaches, muscular and articular pain, myalgia, photophobia, and, in some cases, meningitis and encephalitis. This disease is transmitted to humans primarily by the bites [....] » Read More
Title : 2000 years of pandemics: Past, present and future
Claudia Ferreira, Biophytis Sorbonne, France
A pandemic is considered as an outbreak of a disease occurring over a wide geographic area, crossing national borders, and affecting a high proportion of the world. During the 1st millennium AD, three main pandemics emerged. The Antonine Plague (165-190 AD), caused by hemorrhagic [....] » Read More
Title : Role of mast cells in infection and inflammation
Pio Conti, University in Chieti, Italy
Mast cells (MCs) originate from CD34+/CD117+/CD13+ pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells and they express the c-Kit receptor (c-Kit-R) which regulates their proliferation and sustains their survival, differentiation, and maturation. MCs are immune tissue cells derived from bone ma [....] » Read More
Title : Tubercular disease in children: Optimizing treatment strategies through disease insights
Elena Chiappini, University of Florence, Italy
Background: Paediatric tuberculosis (TB) represents a critical health concern due to the significant risk of extrapulmonary TB (EPTB), severe disease forms, and the increasing prevalence of drug-resistant strains (DR-TB). Understanding the clinical characteristics of affected chi [....] » Read More
Title : Rickettsial disease serodiagnosis – Current trends
Lee Fuller, VMRD, Inc, United States
Background: Clinical Rickettsial diseases are found worldwide, yet these agents are not amenable to in vitro propagation outside of proper BSL2 facilities. Diagnosis has utilized both PCR and antibody detection, with serology products currently available for automated (ELISA), ma [....] » Read More
Title : Cognitive behavioral sequelae of non-severe malaria and potential strategies for its mitigation
Cláudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Brazil
Human and experimental malaria (EM) are associated with neurocognitive sequelae (NCS), especially in the most severe form of the disease; cerebral malaria (CM). NCS, related to learning and memory, are also observed in human non-severe malaria (nSM), mainly in children and the el [....] » Read More
Title : Antibiotic profile in a second level hospital, in Tepic Nayarit Mexico 2023
Jose Agustin Carrillo Rodriguez, Mexican Social Security Institute, Mexico
In Latin America, antimicrobial resistance is an urgent public health priority. Currently, the indiscriminate use of antibiotics is associated with increased costs in care and the emergence of multi-resistant germs. There are few studies that evaluate the impact of antibiotic use [....] » Read More
Title : Effect of glutathione on antibiotic susceptibility and resistance in bacteria
Dong H Kwon, Long Island University, United States
Infections with antibiotic resistance are associated with millions of deaths annually and are a significant healthcare challenge. A new antibiotic or strategy is an urgent priority to reduce antibiotic resistance. Glutathione (GSH) is a biogenic thiol compound for an optimal intr [....] » Read More
Title : FawCells, The universal alternative for antibiotics
Fawzy Abdelatty, Heidelberger Center for Cellular Therapy, Germany
FawCells are Methylation Induced Pluripotent Cells which are prepared from peripheral blood samples. For patients, these samples can be obtained from autologous, heterologous or xenographic sources. These cells are very potent in infection prevention and control. They have the po [....] » Read More
Title : Characterization of virologic-immunologic failure and discordance among new HIV-infected adults in the Upper Southern Region of Thailand
Siwimol Phoomniyom, The Office of Disease Prevention and Control Region 11, Thailand
Virologic-immunologic failure and virologic-immunologic discordance are vital for predicting clinical outcomes. In HIV-infected people, the CD4+ T lymphocyte count (CD4) and HIV viral load were used to track and assess the treatment response of antiretroviral therapy (ART). The o [....] » Read More
Title : Disseminated fusariosis - Management conundrum - A fatal case in an immunocompromised patient
Mariam Abu Jubain, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Foundation Trust, United Kingdom
Disseminated fusariosis is a rare but often fatal opportunistic fungal infection that predominantly affects immunocompromised individuals with a mortality rate of over 80%. Prognosis is determined by the degree of immunosuppression and extent of infection. A 55-year-old caucas [....] » Read More
Title : First application of CUT&Tag in bacteria reveals unconventional G-quadruplex landscape in mycobacterium tuberculosis: A novel defense mechanism against oxidative stress
Emanuela Ruggiero, University of Padova, Italy
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the causative agent of tuberculosis, remains a global health threat due to increasing drug resistance and high mortality rates. To combat tuberculosis effectively, novel therapeutic targets are urgently needed. G-quadruplexes (G4s) represent prom [....] » Read More
Title : Novel antibiotic adjuvant exerts potent antimicrobial activity against MRSA and synergistically restores colistin activity in MDRO
Susu Zughaier, Qatar University, Qatar
Background: The rise in global burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) critically threatens human health. Multidrug resistant organisms (MDROs) are causing healthcare and community-acquired infections. In 2019, AMR of pathogens such as Escherichia coli (E .coli) and Staphylococc [....] » Read More
Title : Universal PCR assays to detect Candida FKS and ERG11 mutations
Cheung Yuk Yam, Hong Kong Metropolitan University, Hong Kong
The emergence of antifungal resistance in Candida species presents significant challenges in managing infections, particularly among immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to develop rapid molecular assays for detecting mutations in the FKS genes across four clinically sign [....] » Read More
Title : CRISPR-Cas-powered pen-side diagnostic tests for the early detection of the tick-borne pathogens Theileria parva, Anaplasma marginale and Babesia bigemina
Nicholas Svitek, International Livestock Research Institute, Kenya
The apicomplexan parasite Theileria parva causes East Coast fever (ECF), one of the most important and lethal tick-borne diseases of cattle in sub-Saharan Africa, resulting in annual losses exceeding US $300 million to the livestock industry. ECF diagnosis primarily relies on cli [....] » Read More
Title : Risk of visceral leishmaniasis resurgence in India: A compartmental modelling study
Ashvini Gupta, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India
Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is a neglected tropical disease (NTD) caused by the parasite Leishmania donovani and transmitted by sandflies. In India, the elimination target for VL is defined as less than 1 case per 10,000 population per year at the block level. As the country appr [....] » Read More
Title : Microbiological activity of bovhyaluronidaze azoximer against microbial biofilms
Roman Kozlov, Smolenks State Medical University, Russian Federation
Background. Biofilm-related infections are most often characterized by low susceptibility to treatment due to the difficulty of antibiotics penetration into the biofilm. This fact repeatedly increases the level of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In turn, the spread of AMR signifi [....] » Read More
Title : Identification of airborne fungus in residential environments that contribute to allergic bronchopulmonary asthma: Case report
Haydee Torres Guerrero, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico
Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is a pulmonary hypersensitivity disease to various fungi. The most common causative Aspergillus fumigatus, however, there are other saprophyte fungi that have been identified that cause ABPM such as Candida albicans, Bipolaris spp , Schyso [....] » Read More
Title : Effect of an immunomodulator rs100 in vaccinated, unvaccinated and challenged with Mycoplasma Hyopneumoniae
Susana Mendoza, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico
Enzootic pneumonia is a disesease caused by M.hyopneumoniae (Mh).The immunomodulator RS-100 we used in this study is of vegetable origin. Clinical, serologic and leuko parameters in piglets treated with the RS100 and challenged with Mh. For 15 days no clinical signs were observed [....] » Read More
Title : Reversal of metabolic reprogramming as a therapeutic strategy in early sepsis
Eun Jung Choi, Daegu Catholic University, Korea, Republic of
Sepsis is a critical condition characterized by dysregulated inflammation. In the early phase, innate immune cells undergo a metabolic shift from mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis, fueling excessive cytokine production. To explore this phenomenon, we analyzed [....] » Read More
Title : Enhancing antibiotic therapy for SSTIs: The diagnostic role of punch biopsy
Victoria de Lima Burnier, Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Brazil
Introduction: Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) include a range of conditions affecting the skin layers and underlying connective tissue, including erysipelas, cellulitis, impetigo, and ecthyma. These infections are among the most common reasons for outpatient visits and ho [....] » Read More
Title : Mitigate cross-contamination hazards by sorting samples within a closed cartridge
Chengjun Jin, Miltenyi Biotec B.V. & Co. KG, Germany
Background: The isolation of pathogens and immune cells from hazardous samples is essential for immunological and infectious disease research. However, traditional droplet-based cell sorters pose risks of aerosol formation, exposure to infectious materials, and cross-contaminatio [....] » Read More
Title : Antimicrobial resistance in pathogens isolated from raw milk and fresh goat cheese
Laura Hernandez Andrade, National Institute of Forestry Agricultura and Livestock (INIFAP), Mexico
The objective was to identify potentially pathogenic microorganisms, as well as their susceptibility to antimicrobials, from samples of milk and cheese produced on family farms in the northern, central and southern regions of Mexico. Two farm units from the state of Durango, two [....] » Read More
Title : Illness severity in patients with Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) assessed by Multiple Organ Dysfunction Score (MODS): A guide for physicians in monitoring and treatment decisions
Jeong Rae Yoo, Jeju National University Hospital, Korea, Republic of
Background: Severe Fever with Thrombocytopenia Syndrome (SFTS) is a viral tick-borne disease with high mortality rates, particularly in East Asia. Despite advances in understanding its pathophysiology, effective treatment strategies remain limited. The Multiple Organ Dysfunction [....] » Read More
Title : Cytokine storm control in severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome: Tocilizumab’s potential role in reducing IL-6 and mortality
Wooseong Jeong, Jeju National University Hospital, Korea, Republic of
Background: Severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) is a zoonotic infectious disease prevalent in East Asia, with a mortality rate of 5–30%. Despite trials with therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) and antiviral treatments, no established treatment strategy exists f [....] » Read More
Title : Association between obesity and dengue severity in a tertiary pediatric hospital in the Philippines
Kimberly May Perez Borja, Philippine Pediatric Society, Philippines
Dengue infection is currently one of the most important mosquito-borne viral diseases in the tropical parts of the world (WHO, 1999).1 When it comes to viral infections like Dengue Fever, nutritional status is a key factor to immune functions since it has an influence on genomics [....] » Read More
Title : Invasive fungal sinusitis, correlation of the radiological and intraoperative findings
Nikrish S Hegde, Indian Radiological and Imaging Association, India
Acute invasive fungal sinusitis though uncommonly encountered, is a life threatening condition with a high mortality rate. It progresses rapidly from the time of diagnosis and may result in death in a short span of time if left untreated. Here we present the MRI / CT imaging find [....] » Read More
Title : Study on surface disinfection of 254 nm pulsed ultraviolet laser
Jiancheng Qi, Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Science of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, China
Objective: With the rapid development of laser application technology in recent years, it is possible to carry out rapid and environmentally friendly disinfection by using laser to generate pulsed ultraviolet radiation in specific bands. The germicidal efficacy of continuous ultr [....] » Read More
Title : Study on surface disinfection of 254 nm pulsed ultraviolet laser
Zongxing Zhang, Systems Engineering Institute, Academy of Military Science of the Chinese People’s Liberation Army, China
Objective: With the rapid development of laser application technology in recent years, it is possible to carry out rapid and environmentally friendly disinfection by using laser to generate pulsed ultraviolet radiation in specific bands. The germicidal efficacy of continuous ultr [....] » Read More
Title : Use of antifungal agents in non-neutropenic critically ill patients to decrease invasive fungal infections versus placebo: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Siham Mahgoub, Howard University College of Medicine, United States
Background: Invasive candidiasis is considered the third most common bloodstream infection in critical care units, and can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. Invasive fungal infections can be deadly if not recognized early in the course of the disease. Reaching a diagnosi [....] » Read More